館藏發展筆記 - 11.25

Diversity in Collection Development
An Interpretation of the Library Bill of Rights
館藏發展的多樣性
解讀圖書館權利法案

Collection development should reflect the philosophy inherent in Article II of the Library Bill of Rights:“Libraries should provide materials and information presenting all points of view on current and historical issues. Materials should not be proscribed or removed because of partisan or doctrinal disapproval.” Library collections must represent the diversity of people and ideas in our society. There are many complex facets to any issue, and many contexts in which issues may be expressed, discussed, or interpreted. Librarians have an obligation to select and support access to materials and resources on all subjects that meet, as closely as possible, the needs, interests, and abilities of all persons in the community the library serves.
館藏發展應反映哲學固有的第二條圖書館權利法案：圖書館應該提供材料和資訊來呈現所有的觀點對當前和歷史的問題。材料不應該因為黨派或理論不贊成，而被禁止或刪除。圖書館館藏必須代表人們的多樣性和思想在我們的社會。有很多複雜因素的任何問題並且在許多情況下這些問題可能會表示、討論、或解釋。
圖書館館員有責任選擇和支持利用材料和資源在所有主題上，以滿足盡可能密切的需要、利益、和所有人員的能力在社區圖書館服務。

Librarians have a professional responsibility to be inclusive, not exclusive, in collection development and in the provision of interlibrary loan. Access to all materials and resources legally obtainable should be assured to the user, and policies should not unjustly exclude materials and resources even if they are offensive to the librarian or the user. This includes materials and resources that reflect a diversity of political, economic, religious, social, minority, and sexual issues. A balanced collection reflects a diversity of materials and resources, not an equality of numbers.
圖書館館員有專業的責任去包容的，不是排他性的，而是在館藏發展和提供館際互借上。使用所有材料和資源能合法得到應保證給使用者，以及政策不應該受到不公正的排除材料和資源，即使他們對圖書館或使用者是唐突的。這包括材料和資源，反映出各種不同的政治、經濟、宗教、社會、少數民族和性的問題。一種平衡的收集反映了不同的材料和資源，而不是一個平等的數量。

Collection development responsibilities include selecting materials and resources in different formats produced by independent, small and local producers as well as information resources from major producers and distributors. Materials and resources should represent the languages commonly used in the library’s service community and should include formats that meet the needs of users with disabilities.Collection development and the selection of materials and resources should be done according to
professional standards and established selection and review procedures. Librarians may seek to increase user awareness of materials and resources on various social concerns by many means, including, but not limited to, issuing lists of resources, arranging exhibits, and presenting programs.
館藏發展的職責包括藉由獨立的選擇材料和資源在不同的形式下產生，小型和當地生產商以及資訊資源的主要生產商和分銷商。材料和資源應該代表語言中常用的圖書館服務社會，並應包括符合殘疾人這類使用者的需求形式。館藏發展以及選擇的材料和資源應按照專業標準和既定的甄選和審查程序來做。圖書館館員可能設法藉由許多手段來增加用戶對認識材料和資源等各種的社會問題，包括但不限於發放清單的資源、安排展覽，並提出方案。

Over time, individuals, groups, and entities have sought to limit the diversity of library collections. They cite a variety of reasons that include prejudicial language and ideas, political content, economic theory, social philosophies, religious beliefs, sexual content and expression, and other potentially controversial topics. Examples of such censorship may include removing or not selecting materials because they are considered by some as racist or sexist; not purchasing conservative religious materials; not selecting resources about or by minorities because it is thought these groups or interests are not represented in a
community; or not providing information or materials from or about non-mainstream political entities. Librarians have a professional responsibility to be fair, just, and equitable and to give all library users equal protection in guarding against violation of the library patron’s right to read, view, or listen to materials and resources protected by the First Amendment, no matter what the viewpoint of the author, creator, or selector. Librarians have an obligation to protect library collections from removal of materials and resources based on personal bias or prejudice.
隨著時間的推移，個人、團體、企業實體已設法限制多樣性的圖書館收藏。他們列舉的原因有很多，包括有害的語言和思想、政治的內容、經濟理論、社會哲學、宗教信仰、色情內容和言論自由，和其他潛在爭議的話題。例如這些檢查可能包括取消或不選擇材料，因為它們被認為是被一些人視為是種族主義或性別歧視；不購買保守的宗教材料；沒有關於選擇的資源或是由少數人，因為它是以為這些群體或利益是沒有代表了一個社區；或不提供信息或材料從關於對非主流的政治實體中。圖書館館員有專業的責任去公平、公正、平等，給所有圖書館使用者平等的保護，藉由第一修正案防範違反圖書館的權利去讀、去看，或去聽材料和資源的保護，無論什麼作者、創作者或選擇者的觀點。圖書館館員在個人偏見或成見的基礎上有義務從去除的材料和資源保護圖書館藏書。

Intellectual freedom, the essence of equitable library services, provides for free access to all expressions of ideas through which any and all sides of a question, cause, or movement may be explored. Toleration is meaningless without tolerance for what some may consider detestable. Librarians must not permit their own preferences to limit their degree of tolerance in collection development.
知識分子的自由，公平圖書館服務的本質，透過任何及所有兩岸的問題、原因或運動可以被探索的，免費提供使用所有思想的表達。忍受對一些可能會考慮可恨的是毫無意義的寬容。在館藏發展上面，館員絕不能允許因自己的喜好而限制其一定程度的容忍。